The effects of group size on nest-box use by Hy-Line Brown laying hens in furnished cages

  • Greg Cronin, University of Sydney, Australia
  • Samantha Borg, Animal Welfare Science Centre DPI Victoria, Australia
  • The late John Barnett, Animal Welfare Science Centre, University of Melbourne, Australia
  • Brown egg-laying strains lay fewer nest-box eggs in furnished cages than white strains (e.g. 60+ vs. 90+% nest-box eggs). Two experiments investigated the effects of group size on nest-box use by Hy-Line Brown hens. Space per bird was not controlled. Hens were housed in Victorssen Trivselburen 8-bird furnished cages (Sweden) measuring 1.2 m by 0.5 m. Experiment 1 involved 56 individually-marked hens housed in 12 cages. There were three cages in each of two rooms and the experiment was replicated in time. The locations of each hen's eggs were recorded from video. Differences due to group size (2, 4 and 8 birds per cage) on the proportion of nest-box eggs were examined using ANOVA. The experimental unit was the cage of birds and analyses were blocked on room and replicate. Consistency of nest-box use, defined as the proportion of nest-box eggs each hen laid over 10 consecutive eggs, was estimated using the Pearson's goodness of fit statistic. Experiment 2 involved 96 hens housed in 40 cages, either singly (n=32) or in groups of 8 (n=8) and with equal representation of treatments between two rooms (replicates). Differences due to group size on the proportion of nest-box eggs were investigated using ANOVA. The experimental unit was the cage of birds and analyses were blocked on room and tier. In experiment 1 most hens were consistent nest-box layers by their tenth egg and there was no effect of group size/space on the proportion of nest-box eggs (e.g., 58.5, 75.6 and 70.9% nest-box eggs in 2-, 4- and 8-bird cages for eggs 11-40; P>0.05). In experiment 2 however, the proportion of nest-box eggs was higher in 1- than 8-bird cages (96.6% and 74.5%; P<0.001). Social factors rather than group size and/or space affect the overall proportion of nest-box eggs, but the mechanism(s) is unclear.